The Information Office of the State Council held a press conference at 10 a.m. on Thursday, December 9, 2021, inviting Wang Jianjun, member of the Party group of the National Health Commission and executive deputy director of the national office on aging, Hao Fuqing, head of the social development department of the national development and Reform Commission, he Yaqiong, director of the consumer goods industry department of the Ministry of industry and information technology, and Li Banghua, head of the elderly care service department of the Ministry of civil affairs, Wang Ke, head of the Department of building energy conservation and science and technology of the Ministry of housing and urban rural development, and Wang Haidong, director of the Department of aging health of the National Health Commission, introduced the relevant information of the opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on strengthening aging work in the new era, and answered reporters' questions.

Wang Jianjun, member of the Party group of the National Health Commission and executive deputy director of the national Aging office:

Ladies and gentlemen, friends from the press, good morning! At the successful conclusion of the Sixth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the opinions on strengthening the work on aging in the new era (hereinafter referred to as the opinions). This opinion, together with the medium and long-term plan for the country to actively respond to population aging issued by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council in 2019 and the upcoming national plan for the development of aging undertakings and elderly care service system in the 14th five year plan, constitutes the top-level design for implementing the national strategy to actively respond to population aging and realizing high-quality development of aging undertakings and industries, Both are programmatic documents for the work on ageing, which are of great significance. First of all, I would like to introduce the relevant information of the opinions.

1、 Background of the opinions

Population aging is an important trend of social development, an important embodiment of human civilization and progress, and China's basic national conditions for a long time in the future. China has entered an aging society since 1999. The scale of the elderly population is expanding and the degree of aging is deepening day by day. Effective for China's population aging, related to the overall situation of national development, the well-being of hundreds of millions of people, social harmony and stability, and is of great significance for building a socialist modern country in an all-round way.

Let the elderly share the fruits of reform and development and enjoy a happy old age. *** Based on the overall strategic situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and in view of the new situation and characteristics of China's population aging in the new era, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council adhere to the people-centered principle, fully, accurately and comprehensively implement the new development concept, strive to solve the "urgent difficulties and anxieties" of the elderly in terms of pension, health, spiritual and cultural life and social participation, and effectively enhance their sense of acquisition, happiness A sense of security, so this opinion was issued in due course.

2、 Main highlights of the opinions

The opinions has a high position, real content, specific measures and strong pertinence. There are many new highlights. Generally speaking, it is mainly reflected in the four "new".

First, based on the new era. *** Operational policies and measures are programmatic documents to guide the work of aging in the new era.

Second, adapt to the new situation. Based on the new situation and characteristics of China's current population aging, the opinions focuses on the new problems and challenges faced by the aging work, strengthens the leading responsibility of the government, gives full play to the role of the market mechanism, compacts local and departmental responsibilities, and forms a new pattern of shared responsibility of multiple subjects, step response to the risk of aging, and everyone's participation in the cause of aging.

Third, implement the new concept. The opinions emphasizes the integration of the positive concept of aging and the concept of healthy aging into the whole process of economic and social development. We will adhere to the coordinated development of the cause of aging and industries, promote the healthy China strategy and the national strategy to actively respond to population aging, and combine the elderly with the elderly. We will encourage the elderly to continue to play their role by improving policies and measures such as employment, voluntary services and community governance. By improving the health support system for the elderly, improving the health service and management level of the elderly, strengthening the long-term care service and guarantee for the disabled elderly, and deeply promoting the combination of medical care and maintenance, we will lay a solid foundation for the realization of healthy aging.

Fourth, clarify new tasks. The opinions adhere to people-centered, problem oriented, demand-oriented and goal oriented, focus on the "urgent difficulties and expectations" of the elderly in accordance with the requirements of high-quality development, and define five key tasks for the work of aging in the new era in view of the issues of pension services, health services, social participation, Industrial Development and rights and interests protection concerned by all parties, Through innovation and improvement of policies and measures, establish an institutional framework to promote the implementation and effectiveness of aging tasks.

3、 Main contents of the opinions

The main content is 8 parts and 24 articles. Among them, Part 1 "General requirements" includes "guiding ideology" and "working principles"; Part 2-6 is the key task, which mainly includes five aspects: improving the elderly care service system, improving the health support system for the elderly, promoting the social participation of the elderly, striving to build an elderly friendly society and actively cultivating the silver economy; The seventh part is the safeguard measures, mainly including strengthening the construction of talent team, strengthening the supply of facilities for the elderly, improving relevant support policies, strengthening scientific research and international cooperation and other specific measures; Part 8 is the organization and implementation, including strengthening the party's leadership over the aging work, implementing work responsibilities and widely mobilizing the participation of all parties.

In the next step, we will conscientiously perform the responsibilities of the national office for aging, deeply study and implement the spirit of the opinions, give full play to the overall coordination role of aging committees at all levels in aging work, clarify the division of tasks, implement work responsibilities, strengthen supervision and inspection, widely mobilize the participation of all sectors of society, and form a working mechanism of joint management and overall promotion, Ensure the implementation and effectiveness of various policies and measures.

【reporter Q & a session】

Q: CCTV reporter of China Central Radio and television

I saw in the opinions that the positive outlook on aging and healthy aging have been put in a very prominent position this time. We want to know the specific connotation of the positive outlook on aging and healthy aging, and what measures will be taken to implement the opinions in the next step? thank you.

A: Jian Jun Wang

Thank you. It seems that this comrade has carefully read and read the document. As you said, in the opinions on strengthening aging work in the new era, a main line running through is to integrate the positive concept of aging and the concept of healthy aging into the whole process of economic and social development. *** In fact, that is, what we think, do and do about population aging.

Emphasize "Adhere to the combination of Party committee leadership, government leadership, social participation and national action, adhere to the combination of coping with population aging and promoting economic and social development, adhere to the combination of meeting the needs of the elderly and solving the problem of population aging, strive to tap the vitality and opportunities brought by population aging to national development, strive to meet the growing material and cultural needs of the elderly and promote the development of the elderly "Comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of the cause of youth development" "Efforts should be made to enhance the whole society's ideology of actively responding to population aging. We should take a positive view of the aging society and the elderly and their life. The elderly is an important stage of their life and an important stage of life in which they can still make achievements, make progress and be happy. An effective impact on population aging can not only improve the quality of life and life of the elderly and maintain their respect It can promote economic development and social harmony. " *** In the next step, the health and Health Commission and the national office for aging will focus on five key tasks in accordance with the requirements of the opinions, and work with relevant departments to further improve the service system, refine work measures and achieve high-quality development.

On "healthy aging" , mainly refers to the comprehensive and systematic intervention of all factors affecting health from the perspective of the whole process of life and from the early stage of life, so as to create a social support and living environment conducive to the health of the elderly, so as to prolong the healthy life expectancy, maintain the health function of the elderly and improve the health level of the elderly. Healthy aging is the response to population aging with the lowest cost and benefit The best means not only reflects the general law of human society to deal with population aging, but also conforms to China's national conditions.

"With the aging of the population, the demand for medical and health services of the elderly population is growing rapidly and under great pressure. We must make scientific plans and respond comprehensively. We should guide family doctors to give priority to signing contracts with elderly families, give full play to the advantages of grass-roots general practitioners close to the masses, families and grass-roots units, and provide continuous health management services and medical services for the elderly. We should adhere to the combination of medical care and maintenance , gradually establish a long-term care system to provide the elderly with healthy elderly care services integrating treatment hospitalization, rehabilitation care, stable life care and hospice care, so as to make the elderly healthier and happier. ".

Healthy aging is not only an important part of the healthy China strategy, but also an important measure to implement the national strategy to actively respond to population aging. In the next step, the health commission and the national office on aging will work together to promote the construction of a healthy China and the national strategy to actively respond to population aging, improve the elderly health support system, continuously improve the health service and management level of the elderly, and strengthen disability Long term care services and security for the elderly, further promote the combination of medical care and maintenance, and strive to improve the health level of the elderly. That's all I can answer.

Q: Zhejiang Daily Tianmu news reporter

In the information age, more and more elderly people take the initiative to embrace networks and intelligent terminals, but many elderly people still can't understand, learn and use well when using mobile phones for business. What progress has been made in solving the difficulties of using intelligent technology and the aging transformation of intelligent products for the elderly in recent years? How to promote the construction of information accessibility? thank you.

A: He Yaqiong, director of the consumer goods industry department of the Ministry of industry and information technology

Thank you, this reporter friend. As you have just heard, our country attaches great importance to the development of the elderly. China is a country with 5000 years of civilization. Our country can continue such a long civilization because we have always had a very good tradition of respecting the elderly. *** The Ministry of industry and information technology has resolutely implemented the deployment requirements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, included the practical solution to the difficulties of the elderly in applying intelligent technology in the list of "I do practical things for the masses", and focused on solving the problem just asked by the reporter, how to solve the difficulties of the elderly in using the Internet, and how to do better in the construction of information accessibility through a series of work, It can continuously enhance the sense of acquisition, happiness and security of the elderly. I will mainly report the progress in three aspects.

First, focus on benefiting and benefiting the elderly, and solve the difficulties of the elderly in using intelligent technology.

We will increase policy support, promote the construction of public service platforms, and focus on solving the difficulties encountered by the elderly in using intelligent products and enjoying intelligent services. For example, as we all know, everyone now has a mobile phone. In telecommunications services, in addition to retaining the traditional offline "face-to-face" services, we have also developed warm-hearted services such as "one click incoming call" and "love channel" specifically for the difficulties of the elderly in using smart phones. In particular, "one click incoming call" is deeply loved by elderly friends. We have provided services to 70 million elderly users. In addition, we carry out the aging transformation of Internet applications. There are many young people here. We often go to websites, but sometimes the elderly do not know how to use websites and apps. In view of this situation, we completed the transformation of 173 websites and apps, which solved the problems that the elderly can't understand, learn and use well. When the epidemic still exists today, many elderly people have problems using smart phones to use communication travel cards. Therefore, in view of this problem, the Ministry of industry and information technology specially organized and developed SMS verification travel cards to solve the concerns of these elderly friends.

Second, promote the construction of information accessibility, serve the elderly and build a friendly society.

As we all know, we have entered the information age today. China has a huge number of mobile phone users and Internet users. As a large information infrastructure market that can not be replaced all over the world, the elderly should also enjoy this good service. Therefore, the Ministry of industry and information technology issued the guiding opinions on promoting information accessibility, which specifically solves the difficulties and problems of the elderly in terminal equipment, payment and seeking services. Let me give you an example. For example, we selected the "all medical and all medicine internet platform" specifically for the medical problems of great concern to the elderly, and specially selected the demonstration projects such as "Ai smart Internet hospital" and "digital traditional Chinese medicine benefiting the people service for the elderly and sub-health people". Through these demonstration projects, Guide the elderly to have simple and convenient use in digital medical treatment. In particular, 5g is developing well in China. We have specially organized and carried out 5g + medical and health application pilot to enable 5g to enable medical and health. In a word, more elderly people can simply and conveniently benefit from the information society.

Third, play an exemplary and leading role in promoting the development of the healthy elderly care industry.

We have prepared the action plan for the development of smart, healthy and elderly care industry and carried out pilot demonstration of smart elderly care application. We have created a total of 167 demonstration enterprises, demonstration streets, including 297 rural townships and 69 demonstration bases, set a number of very good industry benchmarks and played a leading role in demonstration. In particular, we released the promotion catalogue of smart health and elderly care products and services, and selected 118 products and 120 services. I'm from the consumer goods department of the Ministry of industry and information technology. Our consumer goods department issued the guide for upgrading and innovating consumer goods for 8 consecutive batches, where we put some aging products and smart elderly care products. In our work, we do feel that the elderly do have some difficulties in using smart phones and the Internet. There is an adaptation process. We also require enterprises and front-line service personnel to treat the elderly like their parents. If we have this love and sincerity, our products must be very considerate and can be used by the elderly. I would also like to say here that there are many young journalists here. We should be as patient and loving as our parents were when we were young. If we help them in this way, they will gradually learn to use smart phones and let the elderly enjoy the achievements of the information society.

Next, the Ministry of industry and information technology, together with the ministries and commissions present here, will anchor the major strategic goal and arduous task of actively responding to population aging in accordance with the unified deployment of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council. We will introduce more and better policies, more and better standards and plans, continue to promote the innovation of products and services for the elderly, and better meet the diversified needs of the elderly Multi level needs to accelerate the construction of an elderly friendly society. thank you.

Q: Beijing Daily reporter

Creating a livable environment for the elderly is an important guarantee for building an age-friendly society and implementing the national strategy to actively respond to population aging. What has the Ministry of housing and urban rural development done in this regard? thank you.

A: Wang Ke, head of the Department of building energy conservation and science and technology of the Ministry of housing and urban rural development

Thank you for your question. In recent years, the Ministry of housing and urban rural development has earnestly implemented the relevant decisions and arrangements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, adhered to the people-centered development idea, integrated the concept of positive aging and healthy aging into all links of urban planning, construction and management, and all aspects of urban transformation, renewal and development, and focused on creating a livable environment for the elderly. Here is a brief introduction to the relevant work.

First, promote the construction of barrier free environment.

Take the creation of a national barrier free city as the starting point, and guide all localities to implement the laws, standards and norms of barrier free environment construction in the management of urban planning and construction. During the 13th Five Year Plan period, the Ministry, together with relevant departments, named and commended 146 cities, counties, villages and towns that created a national barrier free environment. In November this year, the Ministry, together with the China Disabled Persons' Federation and other 12 departments, issued the implementation plan of the 14th five year plan for barrier free environment construction, which proposed that the level of systematicness, integrity and inclusiveness of barrier free facilities in urban and rural areas should be significantly improved by 2025, and the construction rate of barrier free facilities in urban roads and public buildings should reach 100%, We will support 1.1 million families with severe disabilities in difficulties to carry out barrier free transformation to facilitate the lives of the disabled and the elderly.

Second, promote aging transformation.

It is mainly to promote the combination of urban old community transformation and aging transformation. In July 2020, the guidance on comprehensively promoting the transformation of old urban communities issued by the general office of the State Council proposed to focus on the transformation of old urban communities built before the end of 2000, emphasizing the transformation and construction of community and surrounding aging facilities, barrier free facilities, cultural and leisure facilities, sports and fitness facilities, and the installation of elevators in conditional buildings. By the end of the 14th Five Year Plan period, we will strive to basically complete the transformation of old urban communities. Since 2019, a total of 112000 old urban communities have been newly renovated, benefiting more than 20 million households. Nearly 20000 elevators have been renovated and installed in old urban communities, and nearly 30000 community service facilities such as elderly care and meal assistance have been added or upgraded. In addition, the Ministry has also strengthened the work coordination and cooperation with relevant departments, carried out the action of making up for weaknesses in urban residential community construction together with 12 departments such as health and education, and promoted property service enterprises to develop residential community elderly care services and explore a new model of "property service + elderly care service" together with 5 departments such as the national development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of civil affairs. In conjunction with the Ministry of civil affairs, the national development and Reform Commission and other nine departments, accelerate the implementation of the home aging transformation project for the elderly, and improve the safety, convenience and comfort of home living facilities and equipment.

Third, improve relevant engineering construction standards.

Including formulating and Issuing the full text of the mandatory engineering construction code general code for accessibility of building and municipal engineering, and putting forward mandatory requirements for the construction, operation and maintenance of barrier free facilities of new, reconstructed and expanded municipal and construction engineering; National standards such as the code for accessibility facilities and the code for planning facilities for the elderly in cities and towns have been revised and issued, and detailed provisions have been made on the planning and layout of facilities for the elderly and technical indicators such as sunshine, ventilation, cold protection, daylighting and disaster prevention according to the physiological characteristics and psychological needs of the elderly; Industrial standards such as architectural design standard for elderly care facilities and technical code for functional transformation of existing residential buildings have been issued to regulate the aging transformation of public parts such as entrances and exits, stairs, public walkways and elevators of existing residential buildings, as well as the construction of intelligent system engineering for elderly care services. At the same time, Beijing, Shandong, Zhejiang and other places have issued some local standards, which provide important support for the construction and transformation of home aging and community aging.

Next, the Ministry of housing and urban rural development will implement the opinions on strengthening aging work in the new era, implement the new development concept, vigorously promote the construction of livable environment for the elderly and accelerate the construction of an age-friendly society in combination with urban renewal and the transformation of old urban communities.

First, promote and strengthen the overall management of urban planning and construction, and promote the balanced allocation and systematic layout of pension, medical and health, culture, sports and other facilities.

Second, carry out the improvement project of urban ecological restoration function, and promote to make up for the shortcomings of insufficient urban elderly care facilities, imperfect barrier free facilities and insufficient activity venues.

Third, carry out the action of making up for weaknesses in the construction of urban residential communities, promote the construction of complete residential communities in combination with the transformation of old urban communities, build a 15 minute life circle, and support home-based elderly care and community elderly care.

Fourth, promote the transformation and utilization of existing old houses, husband buildings and old factories, promote the installation of elevators and the construction of barrier free environment, so as to facilitate the travel of the elderly and participate in social activities.

In short, the Ministry of housing and urban rural development will adhere to the concept of "people's city for the people", and combine the response to population aging with urban and rural construction, so as to make the urban life, community life and home life of the elderly safer, more convenient and happier. thank you.

Q: Beijing News reporter

The opinions proposes to establish a list system of basic elderly care services. Can you tell us about the current exploration experience of the list system of basic elderly care services? How will it be implemented next? thank you.

A: Li Banghua, head of the elderly care service department of the Ministry of Civil Affairs

Thank you for your question. Basic old-age service is a service provided by the government to meet the basic old-age needs of the elderly. The list system of basic old-age service is to clarify who, how and who provides basic old-age service by listing. As we all know, the list is clear at a glance, which is not only convenient for implementation, but also convenient for the people to know and understand.

For the first time, the opinions deployed the establishment of a list system of basic elderly care services at the central level, which is an important measure to implement the proposal of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee on improving the basic elderly care service system, and also to promote the realization of the national medium and long-term plan to actively respond to population aging, that "all the elderly will enjoy basic elderly care services by 2035" This vision is an important measure.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, basic elderly care services have been continuously explored in the process of building the elderly care service system and basic public service system. In 2017, the Ministry of civil affairs and the Ministry of Finance included the establishment of the list system of basic elderly care services into the scope of the pilot reform of home and community elderly care services. Relevant regions have also issued some local regulations and policies and accumulated a lot of experience. In the list of national basic public services (2021 Edition), the project of "elderly care and assistance services" is also set up under the column of "providing for the elderly". In the exploration and practice at different levels, consensus has been formed in at least three aspects.

First, basic old-age care services are basic. We should focus on serving the basic needs of the elderly, such as disability care and life safety, and do our best.

Second, basic elderly care services are for all the elderly, but priority should also be given to the needs of the elderly with special difficulties.

Third, the basic elderly care services are provided by the government, and the non basic elderly care services are regulated by the market, forming a new elderly care model based on the family and the functions of the market, society and government.

According to the relevant deployment of the central government, the Ministry of civil affairs is working with relevant departments to study and formulate a policy document on improving the basic elderly care service system. At present, the document is in the process of formulation. This document will put in place some principled and framework requirements put forward in the opinions. At the same time, it is also proposed in the opinions to establish a comprehensive evaluation system for the ability of the elderly with cross sectoral mutual recognition across the country, which is also very important. Because we have made clear the comprehensive ability assessment and other relevant situation assessment of the elderly, which is helpful to accurately determine the service object and service scheme, which is not only a basic premise, but also the basis for establishing the list system of basic elderly care services. Recently, the Ministry of civil affairs, on the basis of summarizing the relevant industry standards such as the ability assessment for the elderly in the early stage, has formulated the national standard of the ability assessment specification for the elderly. At present, it is soliciting opinions from the outside world, and I hope you will pay attention to and put forward more valuable opinions.

Q: First financial reporter

With the accelerated process of population aging, the aging consumer market is also booming. What are the specific considerations in the opinions on actively cultivating the silver economy? thank you.

A: Hao Fuqing, head of the social development department of the national development and Reform Commission

Thank you for your attention to the silver economy. When it comes to the silver economy, first of all, there is an important premise that the government should strengthen the function of protecting the basic and the bottom line, and ensure that every elderly person has a sense of security. On this premise, let's talk about the silver economy. The elderly in China have a large scale and fast development speed. While facing challenges, they also contain development opportunities. Silver economy is one of the important aspects. In some developed countries with a high degree of aging, the silver economy has become an important pillar industry. During the "14th five year plan" period of our country, the demand structure of the elderly is changing from survival type to development type. Especially after 1962, there was a "baby boom", and now they are gradually entering the aging stage. These new elderly groups have richer material reserves, newer consumption concepts, stronger Consumption Willingness and ability, so the elderly consumption market is very huge.

When it comes to the silver economy, as the name suggests, it is an economy that provides multi-level and diversified products and services for the elderly. This includes the traditional physical consumption of "clothing, food, housing, transportation and use", as well as the consumption of services such as long-term care, health management, medical care, nursing and rehabilitation, domestic services and pension finance, as well as the new consumption of "poetry and distance" such as culture, art, sports, leisure and entertainment, as well as the intelligent products and services enabled by science and technology, There is also the aging transformation of homes and public places, which can be said to cover many fields of the national economy. The content is very rich and the industrial chain is also very long.

We say that although the heavy weapons of a big country are indispensable, the manufacturing of the elderly is also related to the people's livelihood; The service supply for young people and children is rich, and the service market for the elderly can also be expected in the future. In order to better meet the elderly's yearning for a better life, we will actively work with relevant departments as follows:

First, strengthen planning guidance. Research and prepare relevant special plans, and strengthen systematic planning in the fields of elderly care service system, health support system, elderly products industry, scientific and technological intelligent upgrading, etc.

Second, optimize the business environment. We will deepen the reform of "decentralization, regulation and service", create an inclusive and open development environment, improve convenient and efficient regulatory services, and make market players flourish and the silver economy full of vitality.

Third, support product innovation. Formulate the catalogue and quality standards of articles and services for the elderly, increase the R & D and manufacturing of products for the elderly, and actively develop intelligent products suitable for the elderly.

Fourth, cultivate service brands. Create a number of "high-quality brands serving the elderly" with strong innovation, excellent quality and standard norms and national influence to guide the development of aging industrial clusters.

Silver economy is in the ascendant; The market prospect is bright; Social benefits are increasingly evident. Let's work together to boost the development of silver economy, add color to the sunset and add color to the life of the elderly. Thank you.

Q: Phoenix Satellite TV reporter

At present, China is carrying out mass vaccination of new crown vaccine. Some people believe that the elderly have more basic diseases, but they go out less, so it is not necessary to vaccinate this vaccine. How can vaccination protect the elderly? thank you.

A: Wang Haidong, director of Aging Health Department of National Health Commission

Thank you for your question. As we all know, most of the elderly have underlying diseases. From the current global situation, the risk of serious illness and death is far higher than that of young people and children if they are infected with COVID-19. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent COVID-19, so that the early vaccination of the elderly can effectively reduce the incidence and mortality of the elderly.

The National Health Commission has previously asked all localities to pay special attention to the elderly and provide thoughtful services for the elderly in the vaccination work. Therefore, from the perspective of the health of the elderly, we suggest that all healthy elderly and those with chronic diseases but stable control, and those over 60 years old who meet the vaccination conditions of the new crown vaccine, should be vaccinated with the new crown vaccine as soon as possible, and strive to "receive it as much as possible", which is not only the protection of the health of the elderly, It is also the protection of the family health of the elderly. thank you.

Q: Cover journalist

At present, there are about 40 million disabled or partially disabled elderly people in China. The opinions emphasizes the construction of a coordinated elderly care service system among home, community and institutions. How will the coordinated development of home, community and institution be implemented? What are the innovative measures to improve the elderly care service model in home and community? thank you.

A: Li Banghua

The law on the protection of the rights and interests of the elderly clearly proposes to build a home-based, community-based and institution supported elderly care service system. The Fifth Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee further proposed to establish an elderly care service system in which home-based community institutions are coordinated and medical care and health care are combined. Most of the elderly want to provide for the aged at home, which is not only a pension model closely accompanied by family affection, but also a pension model in line with China's national conditions. During the 13th Five Year Plan period, the Ministry of civil affairs, in accordance with the deployment of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and together with relevant departments, accelerated the pilot reform of home and community elderly care services. The central government allocated a total of 5 billion yuan to support the pilot reform of home and community elderly care services. In the process of promoting the reform pilot, seven pilot directions were put forward. After five years of pilot practice, many new service forms have been innovated in home and community elderly care services, such as family elderly care beds, home aging transformation projects, mutual elderly care, elderly dining tables and comprehensive community elderly care service institutions, which are all service forms innovated and developed in the pilot process.

How to coordinate home and community institutions? Mainly through home-based door-to-door service and community service for the elderly, as well as the supporting role of institutions.

In terms of home service, just now we talked about door-to-door service. Now we focus on promoting family nursing beds. During the "14th five year plan" period, with the support of the central special lottery public welfare fund, we selected 42 project areas this year to carry out actions to improve home and community elderly care services, so that they can enjoy the services of elderly care institutions by delivering the professional services of elderly care institutions to families, the elderly and bedside.

In terms of community elderly care services, we should focus on promoting service forms such as elderly dining table, daytime care, short-term care and mutual assistance services, so that the elderly can enjoy the elderly care services from their home to the door of the community.

For elderly care institutions, on the one hand, elderly care institutions should improve quality and efficiency, and enhance their ability to care for the disabled and mentally retarded elderly. By 2025, the number of nursing beds in national elderly care institutions will reach 55%. At the same time, we also encourage elderly care institutions to open the door of elderly care institutions, actively provide services to the elderly in the community, realize the advantages of home, community and institution services, integrate and connect with each other at the same time, and form a comprehensive service model, So that the elderly can get more professional elderly care services whether at home or in the community or in elderly care institutions. This is a process of coordinated development from the 13th five year plan to the 14th five year plan. thank you.

Q: Hong Kong Economic Herald reporter

We note that with the gradual increase of life expectancy, China is rapidly entering the era of longevity. However, some data show that more than 75% of the elderly suffer from at least one chronic disease, and the problem of unhealthy longevity of the elderly is prominent. What are the measures to improve the health support system for the elderly? thank you.

A: Hai Dong Wang

Thank you for your question. Indeed, as you said, China's elderly have the problem of longevity and unhealthy. About 190 million elderly people have chronic diseases, and another 40 million disabled elderly people. This central document has made a clear deployment for strengthening the construction of the elderly health support system. In the next step, we will mainly promote it in three aspects. The first is the health service and management of the elderly, the second is the long-term care service for the disabled elderly, and the third is to promote the combination of medical care and maintenance.

First, we mainly focus on two key links. First, prevention and health care for the elderly. Through preventive health care, the elderly can get sick less, later and not seriously. Therefore, we should carry out a series of publicity and education activities on elderly health knowledge, carry out basic public health services, elderly health management projects, carry out home-based medical services for the elderly, and also carry out some special actions, such as oral health action for the elderly, psychological care action for the elderly Nutritional diet for the elderly and prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease to improve the health literacy of the elderly. Second, we should try our best to facilitate the elderly to see a doctor. We should vigorously build the geriatrics department of general hospitals. By the end of last year, the geriatrics department of general hospitals above level II reached 28%, and it is planned to reach 60% in 2025. At the same time, we should also vigorously build rehabilitation hospitals and nursing homes, and carry out the construction of elderly friendly medical institutions, so as to facilitate the elderly to see a doctor.

The second aspect is about the care of the disabled elderly. First of all, we should continue to carry out prevention and intervention actions to minimize the occurrence of disability, which is the most important. We have also launched the disability prevention and intervention project for the elderly, which is now promoted throughout the country. This is the most important point, focusing on prevention. Second, for the disabled elderly, we should provide long-term care services in the whole chain from home to community to institutions, and carry out elderly care needs assessment, so as to provide accurate long-term care services for the disabled elderly. At the same time, we must vigorously promote the "Internet plus care service" and play the role of intelligent technology. This is in the care of the disabled elderly. At the same time, another important work is to continue to promote the pilot of long-term care insurance system and strive to establish a long-term care insurance system in line with China's national conditions as soon as possible.

The third aspect is about promoting the combination of medical care and nursing. First of all, we should continue to promote the connection and integration of medical and health resources and elderly care service resources, especially at the grass-roots level. We should strengthen the agreement cooperation between medical and health institutions and elderly care service institutions, so as to provide better health and elderly care services for the elderly. At the same time, we should increase service supply at the community level in the future, focus on community home, and implement the action to improve the ability of community medical care integration. Second, encourage the grass-roots to explore pension beds and medical beds, and standardize the transformation mechanism according to the needs of the elderly. The purpose is to facilitate the healthy pension of the elderly as much as possible through our system innovation, which is a new system innovation. Third, we should also promote the transformation of medical institutions, that is, in areas rich in medical resources, we should promote some secondary and lower medical institutions to transform and carry out rehabilitation, nursing and medical care services, so as to provide high-quality health and elderly care services for the elderly. Fourth, we should carry out actions to improve the quality of the combination of medical care and maintenance and create demonstration activities of the combination of medical care and maintenance, create a number of counties (cities, districts) and demonstration institutions of the combination of medical care and maintenance throughout the country, and promote the high-quality development of the combination of medical care and maintenance through demonstration. thank you.

Q: Poster journalist

With the deepening of China's population aging, the aging work is facing many problems and challenges. What are the outstanding characteristics of the opinions compared with the medium and long-term plan of the state to actively respond to population aging in 2019? thank you.

A: Hao Fuqing

Both the opinions and the plan for 2019 are programmatic documents to deal with aging. The document for 2019 mainly puts forward some major long-term goals by 2035 and 2050, and makes medium and long-term planning, strategic deployment and institutional arrangements mainly from the aspects of wealth reserve, human resources, products and services, scientific and technological support and social environment. It should be said that the "opinions" come down in one continuous line with the "plan", mainly making some major arrangements for some new situations and problems.

The opinions has several characteristics: first, it takes strengthening the party's leadership as the primary principle throughout the document. It emphasizes the role of the party in taking charge of the overall situation and coordinating all parties, so as to provide strong political and organizational guarantee for doing a good job in the work of aging. Second, give full play to the leading role of the government. It is emphasized that governments at all levels should coordinate all kinds of resources and promote the gathering of high-quality resources around the elderly. Third, give full play to the role of market mechanism and provide diversified products and services. It emphasizes the wide mobilization of social participation, the mobilization of the enthusiasm of mass organizations, social organizations, organs, enterprises and institutions, and pays attention to the role of family pension and individual self pension, so as to form a new situation in which multiple subjects share responsibilities and everyone participates in the cause of aging. Fourth, establish a list system of basic elderly care services. Just now, deputy director Li Banghua has made an introduction, mainly to ensure that every elderly person enjoys basic elderly care services, and stressed that he should do his best and do what he can according to his financial affordability. In addition, we should strengthen the responsibilities of local governments and departments in our work, and everyone should perform their respective duties and work together to do a good job in the work of aging. thank you.

Q: Southern Metropolis Daily reporter

For a long time, rural elderly care has been the difficulty and focus of China's aging work. With the one-way flow of labor force to cities, a large number of empty nesters have emerged in rural China. Some elderly people can't take care of themselves, and even extreme events of illness and suicide have occurred, which has also become a huge social problem hindering the revitalization and construction of rural areas, How can the government promote the whole society to make a difference in caring for this special group of empty nesters in rural areas? thank you.

A: Li Banghua

Thank you for paying attention to this topic. According to the relevant statistics of the national Aging Association, the proportion of empty nesters in China should be half to half. Because of the various reasons for personnel mobility you just mentioned, the proportion of empty nesters in rural areas will be higher. Paying attention to the left behind and empty nest elderly in rural areas is the work and focus of our elderly care services. The Party Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to it. The general secretary has also given many important instructions. Special arrangements have been made in the relevant documents and arrangements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council. This opinion also puts forward requirements for the care services for the left behind elderly in rural villages. Generally speaking, there are three levels of care services for the left behind and empty nest elderly in rural areas:

First, in promoting inclusive home-based and community elderly care services, the empty nest elderly in rural areas are the key service groups and service objects, including our work in promoting the dining table, daytime care and aging adaptation of the elderly. If they are empty nest elderly, they should be the policy object of priority.

Second, in the process of promoting rural elderly care services in recent years, we have incorporated the services of empty nest elderly into the focus of elderly care services in combination with rural reality, characteristics and characteristics, and there are also many innovations and practices. For example, the rural mutual aid elderly care service we have promoted in recent years is to take care of the older elderly through the young elderly, and to promote "Party building + rural elderly care service", through the role of grass-roots party organizations, condenses or organizes social resources to serve the rural elderly. The key service objects also include the left behind or empty nest elderly in rural areas. With the support of the national development and Reform Commission, we will implement the "13th five year plan" It has been carrying out the construction of rural social bottom-up projects to transform and improve the service capacity of rural homes for the elderly. In the past, rural homes for the elderly mainly served the poor. After the transformation and upgrading, they provided services to all the elderly, and also took the empty nest elderly as the key service object.

Third, a special care service system has been developed and established for the left behind and empty nest elderly in rural areas. The Ministry of civil affairs, together with relevant departments, has promoted the establishment of a care service system for the left behind elderly in rural areas, and generally carried out a regular visit system for the empty nest and left behind elderly, whether through volunteers or the government to purchase services, or through the organizational forces of village collectives and village committees , regularly visit the left behind and empty nest elderly to understand their pension needs and difficulties, provide emergency rescue and avoid some things that impact the moral bottom line.

Generally speaking, the left behind and empty nest elderly in rural areas are the key groups concerned by the whole rural elderly care service and elderly care service. We hope they can raise well and safely at home when their children or family are not around. Thank you.

Q: Red Star News reporter

The opinion points out that we should strengthen the construction of geriatrics department in general hospitals. In 2025, the proportion of geriatrics department in general hospitals at level II and above should reach more than 60%. What is the current construction of geriatrics department in general hospitals? What are the shortcomings and weak links? What are the current plans and preparations for the training of geriatrics talents? Thank you.

A: Hai Dong Wang

Thank you for your question. As you said, the construction of geriatrics department in general hospitals in our country is still developing, and there are still some shortcomings and weaknesses. Why should we build geriatrics department in general hospitals? It is mainly aimed at the disease characteristics of the elderly. The proportion of the elderly is particularly high, especially the proportion of chronic diseases and common diseases. In addition, the elderly coexist with many diseases The characteristics are obvious, so the geriatrics department of general hospitals is designed to carry out targeted diagnosis and treatment services for the elderly according to the disease characteristics of the elderly. By the end of 2020, the proportion will reach 28%, the deployment of central documents will reach 60% by 2025, and the setting proportion of geriatrics departments of secondary and above general hospitals will reach 60%. According to this goal, we still need to Make great efforts to intensify the work.

The next step is to promote this work from three aspects:

First, strengthen talent training. As you mentioned just now, the key to success or failure lies in people. Our geriatrics department should not only be equipped with hardware, but also rely on talent support. At present, a breakthrough has been achieved this year, that is, geriatrics talents have been included in the central government transfer payment health shortage talent training program for the first time. This is an important breakthrough. The first phase of this year's national Training more than 3000 people, I think this will significantly improve the quality and level of geriatric talents.

Second, strengthen professional guidance. Previously, the National Health Commission has formulated and issued the guidelines for the construction and management of Geriatrics, which is a set of normative documents, and has made specific and clear provisions on the setting, operation and department management of geriatrics. In the next step, we should strengthen training, strengthen professional guidance and improve the construction level and quality of geriatrics.

Third, strengthen supervision and assessment. At present, we have included the construction of geriatrics into the monitoring and evaluation scope of Health China action. Next, we should urge local work to carry out supervision and inspection, promote the implementation of this work, and better provide high-quality health services for the elderly. Thank you.

(source: guoxin.com)